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Why is it important to study human and monkey embryonic chimeras in a dish?

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  • These authors contributed equally: Alejandro De Los Angeles, Alan Regenberg, Victoria Mascetti.

  • Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA

    Alejandro De Los Angeles

  • Johns Hopkins Berman Institute of Bioethics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Alan Regenberg

  • Institute of Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA

    Victoria Mascetti

  • The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel

    Nissim Benvenisty

  • Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    George church

  • College of Life Sciences and Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Hongkui Dengo

  • Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA

    Juan Carlos Izpisua Belmonte

  • State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China

    Weizhi Ji, Yuyu Niu & Tan Tao

  • Melbourne Law School, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Julian Koplin

  • Biomedical Ethics Research Group, Mudoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia

    Julian Koplin

  • Epigenetics and Cell Fates Laboratory, A*STAR Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore, Singapore

    Yuin-Han Loh & Tushar Warrier

  • Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Yuin-Han Loho

  • NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Yuin-Han Loho

  • Department of Physiology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Yuin-Han Loho

  • Cello Control Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China

    Duanqing Peis

  • The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA

    Martin Pera

  • Department of Biomedical Informatics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Nam Pho

  • Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA

    Carlos Pinzon-Arteaga

  • Institute for the Advanced Study of Human Biology (ASHBi), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Mitinori Saitou

  • Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Mitinori Saitou

  • Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Mitinori Saitou

  • Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou International Bio Island, Guangzhou, China

    Jose CR Silva

  • Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

    Alan Trounson

  • Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia

    Alan Trounson

  • Institute for Cell Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Elias T. Zambidis

  • Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA

    Elias T. Zambidis

    • This work is the result of extensive collaboration and consultation between all authors. ADLA conceived the original idea and wrote the original version of the manuscript. VM, NB, GC, HD, JCIB, WJ, YN, DP, MP, NP, CP-A., MS, JCRS, TT, AT, AR and ETZ provided conceptual contributions and wrote, edited and finalized the manuscript . JK, Y.-HL and TW assisted in editing the manuscript. AR and ETZ made important conceptual contributions to the final version of the manuscript and, together with ADLA, took the lead in writing, revising and editing the final versions of the manuscript.